How do I get the photo to show the detail in dark black clothing?
You need to light and expose for it. So you need the light at the right angle to show the texture and you need to expose so that the texture is not all in Zone 0, to show detail and texture some of your black must be exposed at Zone I or even II. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_System
Is this a dynamic range limitation?
Absolutely not, you are controlling the light and the dynamic range in a studio environment.
The wiki article says that i would need to take multiple pictures at different exposures and combine to get the detail right. Is that the only way?
When I set the aperture and shutter speed it's for a given for the exposure of the light at a specific point in the scene so taking multiple pics makes sense, but is that the only way? Should I just make my camera adjustments based on the darkest area of the photo?