You can currently use a number of current Canon lenses on a Alpa technical camera with a Phase One MF back. They're fully manual, and a dealer I talked with was talking up the TS-E 17mm and 24mm lenses. I think any fully manual lens can be done, just no focus by wire - 50/1.2 or 85 1.2, etc - since there is no power to the lens.
Macro already exists, but nothing like the MP-E, and there is a severe limit in lens length. Hasselblad does a 300mm, but it's more like a 200mm in DSLR terms, and Schneider does a 240mm for the Phase One platform. So no one has a really a long lens like a 400mm or 600mm.
The big hold up in Canon doing a MF style setup even if limited to EF lenses is the shutter speed. MF shutters are huge, generally slow, and lots of MF lenses have shutters in them.
But on the other hand, Phase One has complete control of 645 at this point, so while it's an 'open standard' they are the only one making a back anymore. They also will need to come up with a new form factor for the post IQ260/IQ280 world, as the 645DF+ platform seems to be holding back what they can do.