The reason behind my upgrade wasn't picture quality but still this is such a relevant topic that I ended up caring about it a bit. Let's start by the jpeg presets. I really love to shoot raw+jpeg because I do not care or have the time to edit most of the shots, I want them to look good out of the camera and Canon cares about that and it kept improving on what it already did. I used the faithful picture profile with minimum contrast on the 5D and kept doing the same on the R5. I was very pleased to see how the shifting reds are now fixed, it looks perfect now and I can trust it to deliver a realistic image. I am also extremely happy about how the camera deals with the data from high ISO. I have let it go up to 6400 and there is a night and day difference with the 5D, before I was scared as soon as I would hit 800 ISO, now I am thrilled about the night time results of 6400 and I've heard people pushing it even to 12800. This really allows you to take shots that were not possible before, keeping the aperture close, not using flash, fast shutter speed.
I have not much to say about resolution, I liked the 5D already, the extra pixels don't change much for me but I am not complaining. I do hope that we will get to a stable point though, bigger numbers each year must come at the cost of speed and other features.
My main complaint about picture quality comes from Dynamic Range. It scares me to read comments that say that dynamic range is so good today it doesn't need improvements, the reality is that dynamic range today still sucks, it is unbearably bad. Digital photography on the top class cameras is still unable to cover a sunny day with some shadows, how is that good enough? We need at least 3 more stops of DR to get there and it doesn't look like current sensor technology can improve. A breakthrough can come with DGO but it has to be implemented in electronic shutter mode for me to be relevant. I would gladly sacrifice burst speed to get it but I doubt that Canon will implement such a significant quality split and will instead wait to have it working perfectly for all modes. Just to be clear let's look at this example:
Normal sunny day, one person is shielding their face from the sun and is correctly exposed and one is not and is completely blown out, no details whatsoever to recover from the raw file. Terrible stuff which would never happen on film. The shot was taken at 800 ISO, a double gain output 100/800 would cover exactly the 3 stops needed to make the image decent. This is such an important aspect for me, I feel like a lot of people just don't take enough wide shots with patches of light and multiple subjects and are instead isolating a main character or shooting in interiors so they don't see the issue. It's baffling that we got 30 photos taken in one second before being able to shoot a sunny day.