Just now. Turns out there's nothing wrong with your 600EX-RT (or at least if there is, the same thing is 'wrong' with the three of them that I have).
I tried again with the 24-70/2.8L II, and the center point gives the thin vertical AF assist. The 70-300mm f/4-5.6L IS gives the full AF assist array even with the center point selected.
So...I tried it with a variety of lenses, and this is what I found
with the center point selected (selecting a point away from the center column always gives the full AF assist array):
- EF 16-35mm f/2.8L II - thin vertical AF assist line
- EF 24-70mm f/2.8L II - thin vertical AF assist line
- EF 28-300mm f/3.5-5.6L IS - full AF array
- EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II - thin vertical AF assist line
- EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II + 1.4xIII - full AF array
- EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II + 2xIII - full AF array
- EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6L IS - full AF array
- EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS - full AF array
- EF 85mm f/1.2L II - thin vertical AF assist line
- EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS - full AF array
- EF 135mm f/2L - thin vertical AF assist line
- EF 600mm f/4L IS II - full AF array (part of which is blocked by the lens
)
You found that your 50/1.4 gives the thin vertical line, whereas your 15mm f/2.8 fisheye and 24-105L give the full array, and likewise, my 100mm f/2.8L Macro also gives the full array, while other f/2.8 and faster lenses give the thin vertical line.
Taken together, that suggests that with the 5DIII or 1D X and the 600EX-RT flash, the determining factor is which AF 'group' the lens is in. Only
Group A lenses give the thin vertical AF assist line with the center point selected, whereas Group B and slower lenses give the full array (the 15/2.8 Fisheye is in Group B, the 100/2.8L IS and f/4 lenses are in Group C, etc.).