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The EF 200-400mm is anything but light and easy to lug around. But then I have only rented a 600mm once for a specific event (Red Bull Diving Cup) a couple of years ago.The sweet spot for integrated teleconverters is the 400mm f2.8. With a 1.4 it's close to a 600/f4 and with a 2x it's a 800/f5.6. You get a small lens package, that is light and easly to lug about (compared with the 600/4) and the 400/2.8 has a much closer MFD which some times helps.
But the 400 is collecting light from a narrower field of view. So for a uniform field illumination the f- number works: the 100/2.8 is collecting light over a larger angle.(for example, a 400/2.8 is letting in a lot more light than a 100/2.8 because it has a much larger entrance pupil, but with both lenses set to f/2.8 the exposure will be the same).
Yes, that was the point.But the 400 is collecting light from a narrower field of view. So for a uniform field illumination the f- number works: the 100/2.8 is collecting light over a larger angle.
This is the patent diagram aligned with the EF 300/2.8 block diagram at the front element, with the front element diameters matched.My original point seems to have been missed. While the lens patent is for 295 mm or so, the optics of the lens are crammed into a length of 184 mm, with the exception of what appears to be the insertable filter. That is very compact. Those hunks of glass still need to be 70 mm or so from the image plane but that is what makes the insertable tele converter possible. It seems to me to make the lens optics that compact will take some special optical trickery, like diffractive optics. If you go to the actual patent you will see other 300/2.8 lens designs which are much more like the EF 300/2.8 ii. The glass in those designs is spread out much more the length of the lens. But an insertable tele converter would not be possible.

Neuro, great you matched the front element diameters. Had that thought but too many other things on the agenda. To my eye there is more curvature to the EF lens front cell, but there is one more element, 8 vs. 7, in the patent lens. The section behind the diaphragm is interesting with more, 10 vs 8, elements but thinner, lighter looking elements. Also, seems to be less curvature to the patent lens elements. And, lastly, my estimate of distance of filter to image plane is a wee bit over 37 mm, which I believe is enough to allow use of the present tele converters.
I am enjoying the Astrhori 6/2.8 at the momenti personally think the nikkor 7.5mm is the coolest lens ever.
but i digress.